| Reasoning |
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| • | Deductive
reasoning: |
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| – | deriving the logically
valid necessary |
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| conclusion from
the given premises |
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| – | e.g., |
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| If it is raining,
the ground is dry. |
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| It is raining. |
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| Therefore, the
ground is dry. |
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| – | e.g., |
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| Some people are
babies. |
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| Some babies cry. |
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| Some people cry? |
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| 70 |