Boulanger, P., Wu, G., Bischof, W. F. and Yang, X. D. (2006). Hapto-Audio-Visual Environments for Collaborative Training of Ophthalmic Surgery Over Optical Network. IEEE International Workshop on Haptic Audio Visual Environments and their Applications, Ottawa, November 4-5, 2006, pp 21-26.

This paper presents the results of a two-year project to develop a shared hapto-visual-audio-virtual environment (HAVE) with advanced multi-point video conferencing, new display and interface technologies, and distributed latency-compensated haptic technologies for collaborative medical research and training in ophthalmology. One of the goals of this project is to create a collaborative training environment, in which residents can remotely learn, in real-time, cataract operations from real operations performed by teaching surgeons. The assumption of this work is that a trainee surgeon can learn the complex hand-eye coordination necessary for becoming a good ophthalmic surgeon by feeling and seeing every move the expert surgeon makes, through a complex haptic, auditory, and visual playback interface. Experimental results are presented.

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