Bischof, W. F., Anderson, N. C. C., & Kingstone, A. (2019). Temporal methods for eye movement analysis. In: C. Klein & U. Ettinger (Eds.). Eye Movement Research: An Introduction to its Scientific Foundations and Applications. Berlin: Springers, pp. 407 - 448.

This chapter is aimed at introducing the reader to current methods for the spatial and temporal analysis of eye movements. There are four main parts. In the first part of the chapter, we introduce the relation between attention and eye movements and then review the foundations of attention research, social attention and the effect of stimulus saliency on attention. In the second part, we first review traditional characterizations of eye movements, specifically measures of fixations and saccades, and then we review the major methods for the spatial analysis of eye movements, including heat maps and area-of-interest analyses. In the third part, we introduce a new temporal analysis of eye movements, recurrence quantification analysis. We review the basic methods and measures of this analysis, and we discuss several applications. In the last part of the chapter, we provide an overview of methods for the comparison of scanpaths and show that recurrence quantification analysis can be generalized successfully to scanpath comparisons.

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